How do you say "difficult" in Japanese?

In Japanese, "difficult" is 難しい (muzukashii). It is a adjective pronounced "moo-zoo-kah-shee-ee".

Listen to the pronunciation:

Pronunciation

難しい is written in kanji and hiragana. Romanised as muzukashii, it sounds roughly like "moo-zoo-kah-shee-ee" to an English ear.

Example sentence

この問題はとても難しいです。

Kono mondai wa totemo muzukashii desu.

This problem is very difficult.

Usage notes

Muzukashii (難しい) is an i-adjective meaning difficult or hard. It is used for tasks, questions, and situations. The opposite is kantan (simple) or yasashii (easy).

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Questions about 難しい

How do you pronounce 難しい?

難しい is romanised as muzukashii. Say it roughly like "moo-zoo-kah-shee-ee" in English. Each Japanese syllable has even weight, so keep the rhythm steady.

Is 難しい formal or casual?

難しい is an i-adjective. The form shown is the plain form, which works in casual speech. To make it polite, add desu at the end of the sentence. The word itself does not change.

How is 難しい written in Japanese?

難しい is written using kanji and hiragana. Kanji characters carry the core meaning; any hiragana or katakana that follow show grammatical endings.

This word is part of the vocabulary taught in the Japanese language learning game Noun Town, where words are introduced through play rather than memorisation.